vitráž
LnRiLWZpZWxke21hcmdpbi1ib3R0b206MC43NmVtfS50Yi1maWVsZC0tbGVmdHt0ZXh0LWFsaWduOmxlZnR9LnRiLWZpZWxkLS1jZW50ZXJ7dGV4dC1hbGlnbjpjZW50ZXJ9LnRiLWZpZWxkLS1yaWdodHt0ZXh0LWFsaWduOnJpZ2h0fS50Yi1maWVsZF9fc2t5cGVfcHJldmlld3twYWRkaW5nOjEwcHggMjBweDtib3JkZXItcmFkaXVzOjNweDtjb2xvcjojZmZmO2JhY2tncm91bmQ6IzAwYWZlZTtkaXNwbGF5OmlubGluZS1ibG9ja311bC5nbGlkZV9fc2xpZGVze21hcmdpbjowfQ==
.tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65} .tb-social-share[data-toolset-blocks-social-share="a09bb002469fa919de15a8cf153a17db"] .SocialMediaShareButton { width: 32px;height: 32px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="cc96acd7c4b20c6f7ebaffe413fb183d"] { background-color: rgba( 235, 235, 235, 0.71 );padding-top: 20px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;border: 0px solid rgba( 0, 75, 225, 1 );border-radius: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="4f6d0f12de6a6516b96c35eb98a9f647"] { line-height: 0px;letter-spacing: 0px;border: 0px solid rgba( 0, 75, 225, 1 );border-radius: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="4f6d0f12de6a6516b96c35eb98a9f647"] p { line-height: 0px;letter-spacing: 0px; } .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom} .wp-block-image.tb-image[data-toolset-blocks-image="a682d4d79bafca1daba784443247f5f7"] { max-width: 100%; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="7d935ada78213c09d5473f37b293b4d7"] { text-align: left; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0a5cc3b5e5cb107823c9fcc7dcfd2696"] { font-size: 36px;text-transform: uppercase;text-align: left; }  @media only screen and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65}.tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}   } @media only screen and (max-width: 599px) { .tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65}.tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}   } 
vitráž
( franc. vitrail) obraz vytvorený mozaikovým zosadením priesvitných farebných alebo maľovaných skiel, najmä do okenných výplní.
Po vytvorení motívu z farebného, resp. maľovaného skla sa mozaika postupne spájala osadzovaním do olovených pásikov s profilom písmena „H“ a následným letovaním cínom. Pretože dielo nie je úplne samonosné, boli jeho časti upevňované do železných armatúr tvoriacich hlavnú konštrukčnú kostru.
Technika s najväčšou pravdepodobnosťou byzantského pôvodu sa v krajinách na sever od Álp objavuje v 11. storočí a prvé písomné zmienky pochádzajú z 12. storočia.
Poznáme dva základné spôsoby výroby farebného skla pre vitráže:
1/ sklo sa farbí v celej hmote kovovými oxidmi, pričom farebné tóny sa získavajú výberom oxidov a voľbou teploty spracovania,
2/ sklo sa farbí lazúrovaním.
V priebehu 13. – 14. storočia dochádza k rozvoju techniky maľby na skle určenom pre okenné výplne. Technika sa udržala až do 19. storočia, keď ju začínajú nahradzovať nové technológie.
Katedrála Notre-Dame, Chartres, Francúzsko, 12. storočie
Kategória: Hnuteľné kultúrne pamiatky
Tag: farebné sklo, okno, sklo
( franc. vitrail) obraz vytvorený mozaikovým zosadením priesvitných farebných alebo maľovaných skiel, najmä do okenných výplní.
Odpovede