prírodné gumy – Obnova.sk

.tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65} .tb-social-share[data-toolset-blocks-social-share="a09bb002469fa919de15a8cf153a17db"] .SocialMediaShareButton { width: 32px;height: 32px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="cc96acd7c4b20c6f7ebaffe413fb183d"] { background-color: rgba( 235, 235, 235, 0.71 );padding-top: 20px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;border: 0px solid rgba( 0, 75, 225, 1 );border-radius: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="4f6d0f12de6a6516b96c35eb98a9f647"] { line-height: 0px;letter-spacing: 0px;border: 0px solid rgba( 0, 75, 225, 1 );border-radius: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="4f6d0f12de6a6516b96c35eb98a9f647"] p { line-height: 0px;letter-spacing: 0px; } .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom} .wp-block-image.tb-image[data-toolset-blocks-image="a682d4d79bafca1daba784443247f5f7"] { max-width: 100%; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="7d935ada78213c09d5473f37b293b4d7"] { text-align: left; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0a5cc3b5e5cb107823c9fcc7dcfd2696"] { font-size: 36px;text-transform: uppercase;text-align: left; }  @media only screen and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65}.tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}   } @media only screen and (max-width: 599px) { .tb-social-share__network{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;margin-right:7px;margin-bottom:7px}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__facebook__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#3b5998;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__linkedin__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#007fb1;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__twitter__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#00aced;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__pinterest__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#cb2128;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__telegram__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#37aee2;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__reddit__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#5f99cf;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__viber__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7c529e;}.tb-social-share--092 .tb-social-share__email__share-button{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;background-size:contain;background-color:#7f7f7f;}.tb-social-share--round .SocialMediaShareButton{border-radius:50%}.tb-social-share__excerpt{display:none}.tb-social-share .SocialMediaShareButton--disabled{opacity:0.65}.tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}   } 

prírodné gumy

patria do skupiny hydrofilných polymérov rastlinného, živočíšneho, mikrobiálneho alebo syntetického pôvodu.
Sú využívané ako zahusťovadlá, pretože po rozpustení vo vode sa menia na husté roztoky a disperzie. Niektoré hydrokoloidy umožňujú vytvárať gély. Hydrokoloidy napomáhajú tiež vytvárať homogénne emulzie, a zároveň tieto emulzie stabilizovať tak, aby v priebehu času nedochádzalo k postupnému oddeľovaniu emulgovaných zložiek.
Podľa pôvodu možno hydrokoloidy rozdeliť do štyroch skupín:
1) prírodného pôvodu – klovatiny (gumy extrahované z rastlinných exudátov alebo morských rias, gumy získané zo semien či koreňov rastlín atď.),
2) modifikované,
3) mikrobiálne,
4) syntetické.
Najbežnejšie prírodné gumy:
• arabská guma
• tragant
• Ovocné gumy
– čerešňová
– slivková
– broskyňová

Literatúra:
BARTOVSKÁ, L.– ŠIŠKOVÁ, M.: Fyzikální chemie povrchů a koloidních soustav. Praha, 2005. 244 s. ISBN 80-708-0579-X.
HŘEBÍČKOVÁ B. A.: Recepty starých mistrů. Aneb Malířské postupy středověku. Brno, 2017. 172 s. ISBN 978-80-264-1598-5
KUBIČKA, R. – ZELINGER J.: Výkladový slovník malířství, grafika, restaurátorství. Praha, 2004. 344 s. ISBN 978-80-247-9046-6
POSPÍŠIL L.: Přírodní polymery. Přírodní gumy. Brno, 2015. 16 s.
SLÁNSKÝ, B.: Technika v malířské tvorbě. (Malířský a restaurátorský materiál). Praha, 1976. 186 s.
ZELINGER J. – HEIDINGSFELD, V. – KOTLÍK, P. – ŠIMŮNKOVÁ E.: Chemie v práci konzervátora a restaurátora. Praha, 1982. 216 s.

Kategória: Materiály
Tag: guma, mm9, mtm

Vytvorené: 22. februára 2020 16:02

Upravené: 22. februára 2020 16:02

Autor: docent

Nové články 1x za mesiac na váš eMail.

Odpovede